Baron Nathaniel de Rothschild bought the chateau in 1853 but the legend of "Mouton" began in 1922 with Baron Philippe de Rothschild. At the age of 21 and driven by ambition full of originality, Baron decided to devote his life to forge for the winery an identity and a worldwide fame, which, from its first hour, inspired a sense of pride for Bordeaux as a whole. In 1945, to celebrate the liberation, "V" for Victory crowns the label of the vintage, an initiative that will mark the beginning of a series of original works created each year by famous painters.

Pauillac is home to several of the world's most famous wine and the region lies in an inauspicious small village in Médoc. Pauillac sprawls over the land size of about 8.8 square miles, is highly optimised for wine production and accounts for a rather disproportionate amount of fine, expensive wine in Bordeaux.